Stylistic Devices – Irony

Stylistic Devices – Irony

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What is irony?

Irony is a figure of speech in which there is a contradiction of expectation between what is said and what is really meant. It is characterized by an incongruity, a contrast, between reality and appearance. There are three types of irony: verbal, dramatic and situational.

Types of irony

1. Verbal irony:
   It is a contrast between what is said and what is meant
2. Dramatic irony:
   It occurs when the audience or the reader knows more than the character about events. In other words, what the character thinks is true is incongruous with what the audience knows.
3. Situational irony:
   This refers to the contrast between the actual result of a situation and what was intended or expected to happen.

Examples of irony

• His argument was as clear as mud.
• The two identical twins were arguing. One of them told the other: “You’re ugly”
• The thieves robbed the police station.

List of Figures of Speech in the English Language – Literary Devices
Accumulation	Climax	Metalepsis
Adjunction	Dysphemism	Metaphor
Adnomination	Ellipsis	Metonymy
Alliteration	Euphemism	Simile
Allusion	Epigram	Synecdoche
Anaphora	Epiphora (or epistrophe)	Tautology
Antanaclasis	Hyperbole	Understatement
Anticlimax	Hypophora	Zeugma and syllepsis
Antiphrasis	Irony
Antithesis	Litotes
Apostrophe	Oxymoron
Assonance	Personification
Cataphora	Puns
Chiasmus	Merism

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